14–Agrippa Postumus, adopted son of the late Roman Emperor Augustus, is executed by his guards while in exile under mysterious circumstances.
535–Mochta, Irish disciple of Saint Patrick, dies.
636–Arab forces led by Khalid ibn al-Walid take Syria and Palestine away from the Byzantine Empire, marking the first great wave of Muslim conquests and the rapid advance of Islam outside Arabia.
651–Oswine of Deira dies.
768–Eadberht of Northumbria dies.
917–Tsar Simeon I of Bulgaria defeats a Byzantine army at the Battle of Acheloos.
984–Pope John XIV dies.
1000–The Hungarian state is founded by Saint Stephen.
1083–The canonization of the first King of Hungary, Saint Stephen, and his son, Saint Emeric, takes place.
1153–French theologian and Saint, Bernard of Clairvaux, dies.
1308–Pope Clement V pardons Jacques de Molay, the last Grand Master of the Knights Templar, absolving him of charges of heresy.
1384–Dutch preacher, Geert Groote, dies. He founded the Brethren of the Common Life.
1391–Konrad von Wallenrode becomes the 24th Grand Master of the Teutonic Order.
1467–The Second Battle of Olmedo takes places as part of a succession conflict between Henry IV of Castile and his half-brother Alfonso, Prince of Asturias.
1519–Philosopher and general, Wang Yangming, defeats Zhu Chenhao, ending the Prince of Ning rebellion against the reign of the Ming dynasty Emperor Zhengde.
1572–Navigator and politician, Miguel López de Legazpi, dies. He was the first Governor-General of the Philippines.
1672–Former Grand Pensionary, Johan de Witt, and his brother, Cornelis, are brutally murdered by an angry mob in The Hague.
1680–Fraudster and spy, William Bedloe, dies.
1701–Playwright and politician, Sir Charles Sedley, 5th Baronet, dies. He was Speaker of the British House of Commons.
1707–The first Siege of Pensacola comes to end, with the failure of the British to capture Pensacola, Florida.
1710–During the War of the Spanish Succession, a multinational army, led by Austrian commander, Guido Starhemberg, defeats the Spanish-Bourbon army, commanded by Alexandre Maître, Marquis de Bay, in the Battle of Saragossa.
1775–The Spanish establish the Presidio San Augustin del Tucson in the town that will become Tucson, Arizona.
1785–French sculptor, Jean-Baptiste Pigalle, dies.
1794–American troops force a confederacy of Shawnee, Mingo, Delaware, Wyandot, Miami, Ottawa, Chippewa, and Potawatomi warriors into a disorganized retreat.
1823–Pope Pius VII dies.
1825–Admiral and politician, William Waldegrave, 1st Baron Radstock, Edies. He was Governor of Newfoundland.
1858–Charles Darwin publishes his theory of evolution through natural selection in The Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London, alongside Alfred Russel Wallace's same theory.
1833–Attorney, general, and politician, Benjamin Harrison, is born in North Bend, Ohio. He was the 23rd President of the United States. He was the grandson of the ninth President, William Henry Harrison.
1866–President Andrew Johnson formally declares that the American Civil War is over.
1882–Tchaikovsky's 1812 Overture debuts in Moscow, Russia.
1890–Author, H.P. Lovecraft, is born.
1896–The dial telephone is patented.
1904–The Abbey Theatre is established in Dublin, Ireland, having grown out of an Irish repertoire theater founded by Lady Gregory and William Butler Yeats. The theater is founded to foster Irish drama and culture and to serve Irish audiences. Yeats's On Baile's Strand and Lady Gregory's Spreading the News are the first plays performed there. In 1924, the Abbey became the first state-subsidized theater in the English-speaking world.
1905–Jazz trombonist, Jack Teagarden, is born Weldon John Teagarden in Vernon, Texas. Entirely self-taught, he began playing the trombone at age seven, and went on to develop a widely imitated style that seemed to have occurred to him fully formed. He performed with Louis Armstrong (1947-1951), and was also a great jazz singer.
1910–The Great Fire of 1910 (also commonly referred to as the "Big Blowup" or the "Big Burn") occurs in northeast Washington, northern Idaho (the panhandle), and western Montana, burning approximately 3 million acres.
1912–William Booth, co-founder of The Salvation Army, dies in Hadley Wood, London, England, at age 83. At the three day lying in state at Clapton Congress Hall, 150,000 people filed past his casket. On August 27, 1912, Booth's funeral service was held at London’s Olympia, where 40,000 people attended, including Queen Mary, who sat almost unrecognised far to the rear of the great hall.
1914–German forces occupy Brussels, Belgium.
1914–Pope Pius X (1903-1914) dies of a heart attack at Apostolic Palace in Rome, Kingdom of Italy, at age 79.
1918–Novelist, Jacqueline Susann, is born. She wrote The Valley of the Dolls.
1920–The first commercial radio station, 8MK (present-day WWJ), begins operation in Detroit, Michigan.
1923–Country singer, Jim Reeves, is born.
1926–Japan's public broadcasting company, Nippon Hoso Kyokai (NHK) is established.
1929–The first eastward airship flight around the Earth is completed.
1930–Dumont’s first TV broadcast for home reception takes place in New York City.
1931–Boxing promoter, Don King, is born.
1934–Sneaky Pete Kleinow, of The Flying Burrito Brothers, is born Peter E. Kleinow in South Bend, Indiana. He was a country-rock musician and songwriter. He worked as a session musician (playing steel guitar) with many artists, including Joan Baez, Jackson Browne, The Byrds, Joe Cocker, John Lennon, Rita Coolidge, The Eagles, The Everly Brothers, George Harrison, The Steve Miller Band, Harry Nilsson, Joni Mitchell, The Rolling Stones, Ringo Starr, Stevie Wonder, Spencer Davis, and Linda Ronstadt.
1935–Physician and politician, Ron Paul, is born.
1937–Sky Saxon, of The Seeds, is born Richard Elvern Marsh in Salt Lake City, Utah. The Seeds’ biggest hit was Pushin’ Too Hard.
1938–Lou Gehrig hits his 23rd career grand slam, a record that will stand for 75 years, until it is broken by Alex Rodriguez.
1940–British Prime Minister Winston Churchill makes the fourth of his famous wartime speeches, this one containing the line, "Never was so much owed by so many to so few."
1940–In Mexico City, Mexico, exiled Russian revolutionary, Leon Trotsky, is fatally wounded with an ice axe by Ramón Mercader.
1941–Politician, Slobodan Milosevic, is born. He was the first President of Serbia.
1942–R&B singer-songwriter, Isaac Hayes, is born. He won an Academy Award for his best known tune, the theme from Shaft.
1944–One hundred sixty-eight captured allied airmen (including Phil Lamason), accused by the Gestapo of being "terror fliers," arrive at Buchenwald concentration camp.
1944–The Battle of Romania begins with a major Soviet Union offensive.
1946–Journalist and news anchor, Connie Chung, is born.
1947–James Pankow, trombonist for Chicago, is born.
1948–Robert Plant, lead singer for Led Zeppelin, is born in Bromwich, England.
1949–Phil Lynott, bass player for Thin Lizzy, is born Philip Parris Lynott in West Bromwich, Staffordshire, England.
1951–T-Bone Walker records I Get So Weary for Imperial Records in Los Angeles, California.
1951–Politician, Mohamed Morsi, is born. He was the fifth President of Egypt.
1952–Doug Fieger, of The Knack, is born.
1952–Singer-songwriter, John Hiatt, is born.
1953–Russia publicly acknowledges a hydrogen bomb test detonation.
1953–Actor, Peter Horton, is born.
1954–TV personality, Al Roker, is born.
1954–Actress, Theresa Saldana, is born in New York, New York. She is best known for the role Rachel Scali, the wife of Police Commissioner Tony Scali, in the 1990s TV series The Commish. She appeared in the films I Wanna Hold Your Hand, Defiance, Raging Bull, The Evil That Men Do, and The Night Before.
1955–In Morocco, a force of Berbers from the Atlas Mountains region of Algeria raid two rural settlements, killing 77 French nationals.
1955–Maybellene, by Chuck Berry, enters the “Top 40” chart.
1955–Bo Diddley makes his first appearance at New York's Apollo Theatre.
1956–Actress, Joan Allen, is born.
1960–Senegal breaks from the Mali Federation, declaring its independence.
1962–The NS Savannah, the world's first nuclear-powered civilian ship, embarks on its maiden voyage.
1964–On a tour of America, The Beatles perform two shows at the Convention Center in Las Vegas, Nevada. Attendance for both concerts is 16,000. The Beatles add the song Till There Was You to their song list for one of the shows.
1964–President Lyndon Johnson signs the Economic Opportunity Act (totaling nearly $1 billion).
1965–The Beatles, on tour in North America, perform two shows at White Sox Park in Chicago, Illinois. Total attendance is 62,000 and The Beatles earn $155,000.
1965–The Rolling Stones release Satisfaction, their first #1 U.S. hit.
1966–The Beatles, touring America for the last time, are forced to cancel/reschedule their planned performance in Cincinnati’s open-air stadium, Crosley Field, when heavy rain (with no cover provided) makes electrocution a virtual certainty were The Beatles to attempt to perform.
1966--A chart topper: Yellow Submarine/Eleanor Rigby by The Beatles.
1967–The New York Times reports about a noise reduction system for album and tape recording developed by technicians R. and D.W. Dolby. Elektra Records’ subsidiary, Checkmate Records, will become the first label to use the new Dolby process in its recordings.
1968–Soviet Union-dominated Warsaw Pact troops invade Czechoslovakia, crushing the Prague Spring.
1968–The director of the University of Tennessee's audio lab, Dr. David M. Lipscomb, reports a guinea pig subjected over a three-month period to 88 hours of rock music recorded at at 120 decibels at a Knoxville, Tennessee, club, suffered acute damage to its inner ears. The New York Times was told by Steve Paul, owner of the New York club, The Scene, “Should a major increase in guinea pig attendance occur at The Scene, we'll certainly keep their comfort in mind.”
1969–Frank Zappa disbands the Mothers of Invention right after an eight day tour of Canada. Zappa says he's “tired of playing for people who clap for all the wrong reasons.”
1969–The Beatles are in Studios Three and Two, EMI Studios, London, England, for the completion of I Want You (She's So Heavy). A preliminary master tape of Abbey Road is also compiled. All four Beatles attend this session, which is the last time that they will be together at the EMI Abbey Road studios.
1970–Fred Durst, of Limp Bizkit, is born.
1974–Fashion designer, Santino Rice, is born in St. Charles, Missouri. He is best known for his appearances on the TV shows Project Runway, RuPaul's Drag Race, and On the Road with Austin and Santino.
1974–Sheriff, Buford Pusser, dies.
1975–NASA launches the Viking 1 planetary probe toward Mars.
1977–NASA launches Voyager 2 towards Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
1979–A chart topper: My Sharona by The Knack.
1980–United Nations Security Council Resolution 478, against annexation of East Jerusalem by Israel, is adopted.
1980–John Lennon begins recording what will be his last album, Double Fantasy, with his wife, Yoko Ono.
1985–The machine that revolutionized the world’s offices, the original Xerox 914 copier, takes its place among the honored machines of other eras at the Smithsonian Institution’s National Museum of American History. The document copier had been formally introduced to the world in March of 1960. In just 25 years, the machine, invented by patent lawyer, Chester Carlson, had become obsolete enough to make it into the museum.
1986–U.S. Postal employee, Patrick Sherrill, guns down 14 of his co-workers and then commits suicide in Edmond, Oklahoma.
1988–Peru becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
1988–A ceasefire is agreed after almost eight years of the Iran-Iraq War.
1988–Eight British soldiers are killed and 28 are wounded, when their bus is hit by an IRA roadside bomb in Ballygawley, County Tyrone.
1989–The pleasure boat, Marchioness, sinks on the River Thames following a collision, killing 51 people.
1989–The O-Bahn Busway in Adelaide, Australia, opens. It is the world's longest guided busway.
1991–More than 100,000 people rally outside the Soviet Union's parliament building protesting the coup aiming to depose President Mikhail Gorbachev.
1993–After rounds of secret negotiations in Norway, the Oslo Accords are signed.
1995–Pedal steel guitarist, Red Rhodes, dies in Los Angeles, California, at age 64. He is best known for his work with Michael Nesmith’s solo albums in the early 1970s. He also worked with The Monkees, James Taylor, The Beach Boys, Seals and Crofts, The Byrds, and The Carpenters.
1997–Governor Fob James joins the Mayors of Montgomery and Georgina, Alabama, in the Alabama State Capitol, to dedicate a 50-mile stretch of Interstate 65 to the memory of Hank Williams. The section of roadway is renamed the “Hank Williams Memorial Lost Highway.”
1997–In the Souhane massacre in Algeria, over 60 people are killed and 15 others are kidnapped.
1998–The Supreme Court of Canada rules that Quebec cannot legally secede from Canada without the federal government's approval.
1998–The United States launches cruise missile attacks against alleged al-Qaeda camps in Afghanistan and a suspected chemical plant in Sudan, in retaliation for the August 7th bombings of American Embassies in Kenya and Tanzania.
1999–Bobby Sheehan, of Blues Traveler, dies of an accidental overdose of heroin, cocaine, and Valium in New Orleans, Louisiana, at age 31.
2001–Actress, Kim Stanley, dies.
2002–A group of Iraqis opposed to the regime of Saddam Hussein, take over the Iraqi Embassy in Berlin, Germany, for five hours before releasing their hostages and surrendering.
2006–Sri Lankan Tamil politician and former MP, S. Sivamaharajah, is shot dead at his home in Tellippalai.
2007–China Airlines Flight 120 catches fire and explodes after landing at Naha Airport in Okinawa, Japan.
2007–Businesswoman, Leona Helmsley, dies.
2008–Spanair Flight 5022, from Madrid, Spain, to Gran Canaria, skids off the runway and crashes at Barajas Airport. Of the 172 people on board, 146 die immediately, and eight more will later die of injuries sustained in the crash.
2008–Politician, Hua Guofeng, dies. He was the second Premier of the People's Republic of China.
2009–Larry Knechtel, keyboard and bass player for Bread, dies of a heart attack in Yakima, Washington, at age 69.
2012–A prison riot in Caracas, Venezuela, kills at least 20 people.
2012–Comedienne, Phyllis Diller, dies at age 95.
2012–Politician, Meles Zenawi, dies. He was Prime Minister of Ethiopia.
2013–Writer, Elmore Leonard, dies from a stroke in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, at age 87. Among his best-known works are Hombre, The Moonshine War, Mr. Majestyk, 52 Pick-Up, Stick, Get Shorty, Rum Punch, and Out of Sight. His writings also include short stories that became the films 3:10 to Yuma and The Tall T.
2013–Pianist and composer, Marian McPartland, dies of natural causes in Port Washington, New York, at age 96. She was the host of Marian McPartland's Piano Jazz on National Public Radio from 1978 to 2011.
2013–Film director and screenwriter, Ted Post, dies.
2014–Seventy-two people are killed by a series of landslides after a month's worth of rain falls in one day in the Hiroshima Prefecture of Japan.
2015–Actress, Melody Patterson, dies in a nursing home of multiple organ failure at age 66. She is best known for the role of Wrangler Jane on the TV series F Troop. She appeared in the films Bye Bye Birdie, The Angry Breed, The Cycle Savages, Blood and Lace, and The Harrad Experiment.
2016–A suicide bomber targets a Kurdish wedding celebration in Gaziantep, Turkey, killing 50 people and wounding 94. ISIL is responsible for the attack.
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1967–The New York Times reports about a noise reduction system for album and tape recording developed by technicians R. and D.W. Dolby. Elektra Records’ subsidiary, Checkmate Records, will become the first label to use the new Dolby process in its recordings.
