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 1978–Designer and architect, Charles Eames, dies of a heart attack in St. Louis, Missouri, at age 71. He worked with his wife, Ray Kaiser Eames, in creating iconic modern furniture designs of molded wood and plastic. The design office of Charles and Ray Eames functioned for more than four decades (1943-1988) in the former Bay Cities Garage on Washington Boulevard in Venice, California. The name Eames is synonymous with what is now considered mid-20th century “retro” style.
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672–Emperor Kobun of Japan dies.
1140–Song dynasty General Yue Fei defeats an army led by Jin dynasty General Wuzhu at the Battle of Yancheng, during the Jin-Song Wars.
1157–Alfonso VII of León and Castile dies.
1165–Philip II of France is born.
1192–Minamoto no Yoritomo becomes Seii Tai Shogun and the de facto ruler of Japan.
1331–King Stefan Uros III, after months of anarchy, surrenders to his son and rival Stefan Dusan, who succeeds as King of Serbia.
1643–Afonso VI of Portugal is born.
1680–The Pueblo Indians drive out the Spanish, taking possession of Santa Fe, New Mexico.
1689–The Battle of Dunkeld takes place in Scotland.
1754–Scottish engineer and inventor, William Murdoch, is born. He originated gas lighting.
1765–King William IV is born at Buckingham House in London, England. He was the third child of King George III and Queen Charlotte.
1770–James Cook formally claims eastern Australia for Great Britain, naming it New South Wales.
1772–King Gustav III completes his coup d'état, by adopting a new Constitution ending half a century of parliamentary rule in Sweden, and installing himself as an enlightened despot.
1775–Arabian ruler, Zahir al-Umar, dies.
1810–Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, Marshal of France, is elected Crown Prince of Sweden by the Swedish Riksdag of the Estates.
1813–Sophia Magdalena of Denmark dies from a stroke at Ulriksdal Palace in Sweden, at age 67.
1821–Jarvis Island is discovered by the crew of the ship, Eliza Frances.
1831–Former slave, Nat Turner, leads a violent rebellion of slaves and free blacks in Virginia. He will later be executed.
1850–At the Pere Lachaise Cemetery in Paris, France, Victor Hugo delivers a funeral oration for Honore de Balzac, who died three days earlier.
1852–Tlingit Indians destroy Fort Selkirk in the Yukon Territory.
1863–Lawrence, Kansas, is destroyed by Confederate guerrillas Quantrill's Raiders in the Lawrence Massacre.
1872–Fin de siècle artist and illustrator, Aubrey Beardsley, is born. His illustrations of Pope's “The Rape of the Lock” and Oscar Wilde's “Salome” are considered the finest of the period.
1879–The Virgin Mary, St. Joseph, and St. John the Evangelist, reportedly appear at Knock Shrine in Knock, County Mayo, Ireland.
1883–A tornado strikes Rochester, Minnesota, leading to the creation of the Mayo Clinic.
1888–The first successful adding machine in the United States is patented by William Seward Burroughs.
1897–Oldsmobile, a brand of American automobiles, is established.
1904–Jazz orchestra leader, Count Basie, is born William James Basie in Red Bank, New Jersey. In 1935, Basie formed his own jazz orchestra, the Count Basie Orchestra, and in 1936, took them to Chicago, Illinois, for a long engagement and their first recording. He led the group for almost 50 years, creating innovations like the use of two "split" tenor saxophones, emphasizing the rhythm section, riffing with a big band, and using arrangers to broaden their sound. The big band era appeared to have ended after World War II, and Basie disbanded the group. He reformed his group as a 16-piece orchestra in 1952.
1911–Leonardo da Vinci's painting, the Mona Lisa, is stolen from the Louvre Museum in Paris, France, by an Italian waiter, Vicenzo Perruggia. It will be recovered in 1913.
1920–The model for the human boy in the "Winnie-the-Pooh" books, Christopher Robin Milne, is born in Chelsea, London, England. He was the son of author, A.A. Milne.
1924–Actor, Jack Weston, is born Jack Weinsteinin Cleveland, Ohio. He appeared in the films I Want to Live!, Imitation of Life, Pease Don’t Eat the Daisies, The Honeymoon Machine, Palm Springs Weekend, The Cincinnati Kid, Wait Until Dark, The Thomas Crown Affair, The April Fools, Cactus Flower, The Four Seasons, Dirty Dancing, and Ishtar.
1927–Religious leader, Thomas S. Monson, is born. He was the 16th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
1928–Jazz musician, Art Farmer, is born Arthur Stewart Farmer in Council Bluffs, Iowa. He was a trumpeter and flugelhorn player. He also played flumpet, a trumpet-flugelhorn combination specially designed for him. He became known principally as a bebop player.
1930–Princess Margaret, sister of Queen Elizabeth II, is born. She is the younger daughter of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, and was also known as the Countess of Snowdon.
1930–Film producer and screenwriter, Frank Perry, is born.
1931–Lonnie Johnson records The Best Jocky in Town in New York City.
1932–Actor, Melvin Van Peebles, is born.
1936–Basketball player and coach, Wilt Chamberlain, is born.
1938–Fats Waller records his signature song Ain't Misbehavin.
1938–Singer, Kenny Rogers, is born.
1939–Harold Reid, of The Statler Brothers, is born.
1939–Actor, Clarence Williams III, is born. He is best known for the role of Linc Hayes on the TV series The Mod Squad.
1940–Leon Trotsky, Russian theorist and politician, dies. He founded the Red Army.
1942–The flag of Nazi Germany is installed atop the Mount Elbrus, the highest peak of the Caucasus mountain range.
1944–The Dumbarton Oaks Conference, a prelude to the United Nations, begins.
1944–Singer, Jackie DeShannon, is born Sharon Myers in Hazel, Kentucky. As a songwriter she wrote Needles and Pins and When You Walk in the Room, along with many other hits from the 1960s. She was also the lucky lady who toured with The Beatles throughout America as an opening act in the summer of 1964. Photos were taken of her playing Monopoly on the hotel room floor with the lads as they passed the time between gigs.
1944–Film director, Peter Weir, is born.
1945–Physicist, Harry K. Daghlian, Jr., is fatally irradiated in a criticality accident during an experiment with the “Demon core” at Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico.
1945–Child actress, Patty McCormack, is born. She is best known for her starring role in the film The Bad Seed.
1947–Engineer and businessman, Ettore Bugatti, dies. He founded Bugatti.
1947–Carl Giammarese, of The Buckinghams, is born.
1950–The United Nations moves into its new permanent facilities in New York City on land donated by the Rockefeller family.
1952–Joe Strummer, of The Clash, is born John Graham Mellor in Ankara, Turkey. The Clash's politicised lyrics, musical experimentation, and rebellious attitude had a far-reaching influence on alterantive rock. Their biggest hit was Rock the Casbah.
1954–Steve Smith, drummer for Journey, is born.
1956–A chart topper: I Walk the Line by Johnny Cash.
1956–Actress, Kim Cattrall, is born.
1957–The Soviet Union successfully conducts a long-range test flight of the R-7 Semyorka, the first intercontinental ballistic missile.
1959–The Hawaiian Islands becomes the State of Hawaii by a proclamation signed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower. In March of 1959, the statehood bill had been passed, but it contained a stipulation that the residents of the Hawaiian Islands would have to give their vote of approval. Three months later, they did so, and by a huge margin. Hawaii, the Aloha State, finally became the 50th state of the United States of America. Although the Aloha State is made up of a chain of 122 volcanic islands spread out over 1,600 miles, only seven, at the southeastern end of the chain, are inhabited: Hawaii (the Big Island), Maui (the Valley Isle), Lanai (the Pineapple Isle), Molokai (the Friendly Isle), Kauai (the Garden Isle), Niihau (the Forbidden Island), and Oahu (the Gathering Place). Oahu is the home of the state capital, Honolulu, and about 75% of the state’s population, which is truly a melting pot of all races and religions.
1961–Motown releases what will be its first #1 hit, Please Mr. Postman by The Marvelettes.
1963–In South Vietnam, martial law is declared. Army troops and police begin to crackdown on the Buddhist anti-government protesters.
1963–Mohammed VI of Morocco is born.
1964–During a tour of America, The Beatles give a 29-minute performance for 14,720 fans at The Coliseum in Seattle, Washington.
1964–A chart topper: Where Did Our Love Go by The Supremes.
1965–The Beatles, on tour in North America, perform one show at Metropolitan Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota, for a crowd of 25,000.
1965–Do You Believe in Magic by The Lovin’ Spoonful and Eve of Destruction by Barry McGuire are released.
1966–The Beatles, on their last tour of America, perform in two cities due to a cancellation caused by rain the previous day. First, they perform at Crosley Field in Cincinnati, Ohio. Then they fly to St. Louis, Missouri, for a concert at Busch Stadium, where they must perform under a tarpaulin due to heavy rain.
1966–The Doors make their final appearance at the Whisky A Go Go for the summer of 1966.
1967–Bob Dylan re-signs with Columbia Records upon the expiration of his initial five-year contract.
1968–Nicolae Ceausescu, leader of Communist Romania, publicly condemns the Soviet led Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia, encouraging the Romanian population to arm itself against possible Soviet reprisals.
1968–James Anderson, Jr. posthumously receives the first Medal of Honor to be awarded to an African American U.S. Marine.
1969–An Australian, Denis Michael Rohan, sets the Al-Aqsa Mosque on fire, a major catalyst of the formation of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation.
1971–A bomb explodes at a Liberal Party campaign rally in Plaza Miranda, Manila, Philippines, induring several anti-Marcos political candidates.
1972–Law enforcement receives a bomb threat before a Jefferson Airplane concert in Akron, Ohio, causing a substantial police presence at the show. This incites the crowd, who throw rocks at a police car. The cops respond by using tear gas, which causes bassist, Jack Casady, to denounce them from the stage and he is arrested. Singer, Grace Slick, and guitarist, Paul Kantner, go after Casady, who is taken to the venue's basement and, after an exchange, Slick is maced in the face and Kantner is knocked to the floor by overzealous cops.
1973–Computer scientist, Sergey Brin, is born. He co-founded Google.
1976–RCA Victor Records announces that sales of Elvis Presley records have passed the 400 million mark.
1978–Designer and architect, Charles Eames, dies of a heart attack in St. Louis, Missouri, at age 71. He worked with his wife, Ray Kaiser Eames, in creating iconic modern furniture designs of molded wood and plastic. The design office of Charles and Ray Eames functioned for more than four decades (1943-1988) in the former Bay Cities Garage on Washington Boulevard in Venice, California. The name Eames is synonymous with what is now considered mid-20th century “retro” style.
1979–Soviet ballet dancer, Alexander Godunov, defects to the United States.
1980–The Joseph Papp production of Gilbert & Sullivan's The Pirates of Penzance, starring Linda Ronstadt, moves to Broadway from the New York Public Theatre.
1982–The first troops of a multinational force lands in Beirut to oversee the Palestine Liberation Organization's withdrawal from Lebanon.
1982–Sobhuza II of Swaziland dies.
1983–Philippine opposition leader, Benigno Aquino, Jr., is assassinated at the Manila International Airport (present-day Ninoy Aquino International Airport renamed in his honor).
1986–Carbon dioxide gas erupts from volcanic Lake Nyos in Cameroon, killing up to 1,800 people.
1988–Designer and architect, Ray Kaiser Eames, dies in Los Angeles, California, at age 75. She worked with her husband, Charles Eames, in creating iconic modern furniture designs of molded wood and plastic. The design office of Charles and Ray Eames functioned for more than four decades (1943-1988) in the former Bay Cities Garage on Washington Boulevard in Venice, California. The name Eames is synonymous with what is now considered mid-20th century “retro” style.
1988–A 6.9 earthquake shakes the Nepal-India border, leaving killing hundreds of people and injuring thousands of others.
1991–Latvia declares renewal of its full independence after the occupation of Soviet Union.
1992–The Ruby Ridge Standoff takes place in Idaho.
1993–NASA loses contact with the Mars Observer spacecraft.
1998–Samuel Bowers, a 73-year-old former Ku Klux Klan leader, is convicted in Hattiesburg, Mississippi, of ordering a firebombing that killed civil rights activist, Vernon Dahmer, in 1966.
1999–Lawrence Ferlinghetti, Gary Snyder, Michael McClure, Diane di Prima, Joanne Kyger, Michael Rothenberg, David Meltzer, Clark Coolidge, Norman Fischer, Leslie Scalapino, Bill Berkson, and Dave Haselwood participate in a Landmark Celebratory reading from “Overtime: Selected Poems by Philip Whalen,” in the presence of the author.
2001–NATO decides to send a peace-keeping force to the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia.
2001–The Red Cross announces that a famine is striking Tajikistan, and calls for international financial aid for Tajikistan and Uzbekistan.
2005–Entrepreneur, Robert Moog, dies. He founded Moog Music.
2013–It is reported that hundreds of people are killed by chemical attacks in the Ghouta region of Syria.
2013–Record producer and promoter, Sid Bernstein, dies.
2015–Twitter cuts off API access to Diplotwoops and Politwoops, services in 30 countries that bring to light tweets deleted by politicians, diplomats and embassies. As Twitter sees it, user privacy is critical regardless of whether a user is a citizen or high-profile public servant.
2015–2015–Tennis player and coach, Jimmy Evert, dies.
2015–Actress, Anna Kashfi, dies at age 81. She was a British film actress of disputed ethnic heritage, who had a brief Hollywood career in the 1950s. Drug and alcohol problems reportedly contributed to the premature end of her acting career. She appeared in the films The Mountain, Battle Hymn, Cowboy, and Night of the Quarter Moon.
2015–Tobias Strebel, best known for an appearance on the TV series Botched and for spending more than $100,000 to look like pop star, Justin Bieber, dies in a Motel 6 room in North Hills, California, at age 35.
2016–A shooter wounds at least 13 people at a house party in Bridgeport, Connecticut.
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